• br Introduction Metabolic cues are crucial inputs in

  2024-08-13

  

  Introduction Metabolic cues are crucial inputs in dictating acute responses through governing cellular signaling pathways as well as in shaping up long-term transcriptional and epigenetic profiles to control chronic cellular responses (Lu and Thompson, 2012). It has been well documented that meta

• Similar to Cys Met can undergo ROS mediated oxidation to

  2024-08-13

  

  Similar to Cys, Met can undergo ROS-mediated oxidation to Met sulfoxide, which can result in changes in protein conformation and activity [43]. In our results, the Met content in wild ginseng is higher compared to cultivated ginseng (1.3 times, Table 1). Met is a substrate for the synthesis of vario

• br Effects of BCAAs on glucose

  2024-08-13

  

  Effects of BCAAs on glucose metabolism Insulin plays an exclusive role in regulation of glucose metabolism, and obesity and type 2 diabetes induce hyperinsulinemia due to insulin resistance. Plasma BCAA concentrations are increased by 14–20% in patients with hyperinsulinemia under overnight fasti

• br Experimental and simulation section br Acknowledgments Fi

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  Experimental and simulation section Acknowledgments Financial support for this work was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81101688). We would like to thank NC State University High Performance Computing Center for providing us computing resources, and Dr. Lihui

• To introduce in a simple

  2024-08-12

  

  To introduce in a simple way the variability in the concentration of the proteins involved in the process, and to consider possible stochastic effects due to possible finite sizes of the populations involved in the problem, the dynamics of each cell is studied using the Gillespie’s algorithm (Gilles

• br Conflicts of interest br Introduction Photodynamic

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  Conflicts of interest Introduction Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a technique used for the treatment of several malignant and non malignant diseases (Akimoto, 2016, Keyal, Bhatta, Wang, 2016, Morton, Szeimies, Sidoroff, Wennberg, Basset-Seguin, Calzavara-Pinton, Gilaberte, Hofbauer, Hunger, Kar

• br Experimental procedures br Results br Discussion Major de

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  Experimental procedures Results Discussion Major depressive disorder is among the leading causes of disability worldwide (Vos et al., 2015). One of the major causal or exacerbating factors of depression is long term stress or psychological trauma (Liu and Alloy, 2010). Dysregulation of the

• Later on Wayner Burton Ingold Barclay and Locke modified

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  Later on, Wayner, Burton, Ingold, Barclay, and Locke (1987) modified the method by using lipid to examine the ability of an antioxidant methane monooxygenase protect against lipid peroxidation generated by azo-compound. It was later improved using β-phycoerythrin (β-PE) as a fluorescent probe, and t

• br Future directions outlook Peptide

  2024-08-12

  

  Future directions-outlook Peptide-based macrocycles are among the privileged scaffolds in antibiotic drug discovery. Many compounds were discovered by natural product screening and developed unchanged, or as semi-synthetic derivatizations. Since the golden age of antibiotic discovery (1940s-mid 1

• The androgen receptor gene AR

  2024-08-12

  

  The androgen receptor gene (AR) is located on the X-chromosome and consists of eight exons in humans (Brown et al., 1989; Kuiper et al., 1989). The similar gene structure in mice, monotremes and marsupials indicates AR is highly conserved in mammals (Choong et al., 1998; Faber et al., 1991; He et al

• Amyloid fibrils are insoluble high molecular weight

  2024-08-12

  

  Amyloid fibrils are insoluble, high-molecular-weight, non-crystalline aggregates and traditional experimental techniques for structure determination such as X-ray and solution NMR cannot resolve their high resolution structures [64], [68]. However, amyloid fibrils exhibit various advantageous featur

• In human epidermoid carcinoma A

  2024-08-12

  

  In human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells, 12-lipoxygenase was significantly increased in glutathione-depleted cells. The relative abundance of phospholipid hydroperoxide versus glutathione peroxidase seems to play an important role in controlling the lipoxygenase reaction [57]. It has been proposed

• Some of the mechanisms that involve LOX

  2024-08-12

  

  Some of the mechanisms that involve 12-LOX as a potential pathogenic enzyme are illustrated in Fig. 2. Direct β cell effects associated with the stimulation of 12-LOX activity include the activation of second messengers c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK, both of which show increased phosphorylati

• Microbe derived ligands can also activate AHR Malassezia a

  2024-08-12

  

  Microbe-derived ligands can also activate AHR. Malassezia, a commensal yeast in human skin, can metabolize tryptophan into several AHR activating compounds including FICZ and ICZ [59]. Lactobacillus converts tryptophan into indole-3-aldehyde (IAld), which can activate AHR and promote IL-22 productio

• To assess relative metabolic activity and proliferation of

  2024-08-12

  

  To assess relative metabolic activity and proliferation of PMX 205 attached to various substrates we used the MTT assay [29], [30]. In order to compare the metabolic activity of cells under the various conditions irrespective of the number or viability of the cells, we performed a PicoGreen DNA ass

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