• br Future directions The proposed membrane topology model

  2020-12-18

  

  Future directions The proposed membrane topology model of DGAT1 has only three TMDs, with the N-terminus oriented toward the cytosol and the C-terminus in the ER lumen. The catalytic activity is exclusively on the luminal side of the ER membrane. The second and third TM domains are only about 10

• Besides degrading cholesterol the cholesterol

  2020-12-18

  

  Besides degrading cholesterol, the cholesterol degradation pathway also offers a route to obtain useful starting materials for the production of steroid drugs and hormones. Indeed, steroids are among the most marketed pharmaceuticals with about 300 approved steroid drugs [15] and a worldwide market

• Tanshinone IIA---sulfonic sodium Introduction Cysteinyl leuk

  2020-12-17

  

  Introduction Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4, are 5-lipoxygenase pathway metabolites of arachidonic Tanshinone IIA---sulfonic sodium and deeply involved in bronchial asthma via activation of CysLT1 receptors [1], [2]. Specific CysLT1 receptor antagonists, including pranlukast

• br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgements br Lung

  2020-12-17

  

  Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer deaths in the US and worldwide., Non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the predominant form of lung cancer (approximately 85%)., With some improvements in surgical techniques and combined ther

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Anxiety and depression a

  2020-12-17

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Anxiety and depression are major components of maintaining the cycle of addiction, and are responsible for the negative reinforcement of drug seeking behaviors (Sarnyai et al., 1995, Koob and Le Moal, 2008). Both rats and humans exhibit increased anxiety states du

• Besides the regulation of the stress responses

  2020-12-17

  

  Besides the regulation of the stress responses, CRF and the urocortins have been implicated in drug addiction (Bruijnzeel and Gold, 2005, Sarnyai et al., 2001). For instance nicotine, the addictive substance of tobacco, can activate the HPA axis, just like any other stressor may do, although its imp

• br Introduction The offspring of rodents emit

  2020-12-17

  

  Introduction The offspring of rodents emit vocalizations when isolated from their dam. The majority of vocalizations by rat pups are in the ultrasonic band frequency of 30–50 kHz (Insel et al., 1986). Maternal separation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations are believed to represent distress signals

• NPC L expression is both

  2020-12-17

  

  NPC1L1 expression is both tissue- and species-specific. Consistent with its function, NPC1L1 is mainly localized to the brush border membrane of enterocytes and the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. NPC1L1, which is expressed in the liver of humans and rats but not mice, mediates cholesterol cety

• br Materials and methods br Data

  2020-12-17

  

  Materials and methods Data and statistical analysis The results were expressed as mean ± SEM. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Bonferroni's post-test or unpaired Student's t-test were used to determine significant differences between groups. The program used for statistical an

• Introduction Angiotensin II Ang II and

  2020-12-17

  

  Introduction Angiotensin II (Ang II) and Endothelin 1 (ET-1) are potent vasoconstrictive peptides recognized as key players in many cardiovascular diseases [1]. Cardiac hypertrophy, ischemic arrhythmia, and stroke have been associated to an overstimulation of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) recepto

• The proliferation of CCA cell lines can

  2020-12-17

  

  The proliferation of CCA cell lines can be stimulated by estrogen and other growth factors (Alvaro et al., 2006; DeMorrow, 2009; Mancino et al., 2009). It has also been reported that estrogen positively modulates cholangiocyte proliferation, which is associated with cholangiopathies found in humans

• EphB appears to be a low affinity receptor for

  2020-12-17

  

  EphB4 appears to be a low-affinity receptor for rhEpo based on the biochemical data. The concentration of rhEpo used for the biological experiments (50 IU/ml) corresponds to 10–15 nM, which is 1% to 2% of the KD value (KD = 881 nM) for the binding of rhEpo to EphB4, as measured in the MST assay. The

• In this study the ASTM C

  2020-12-17

  

  In this study, the ASTM C1260 and ASTM C1567 test methods were followed to conduct the ASR tests. Three mortar bars were prepared using three types of RHA (600-RHA, 150-RHA, and 44-RHA) and CFA. To prepare the mortar bars, the OPC was replaced by each type of RHA for 10% and 20%, respectively by wei

• br Experiments br Numerical simulations br

  2020-12-17

  

  Experiments Numerical simulations Discussion Conclusions By large-caliber PELE with various d/D against RHA plate at low velocity of 415 m s−1, impact experiments against 30 mm RHA target were carried out. Numerical simulations were also conducted to monitor progress of PELE expansion an

• As a transcription factor HOXA regulates multiple target gen

  2020-12-17

  

  As a transcription factor, HOXA9 regulates multiple target genes related to cell growth, including BRCA1 [34], BCL-2 [35], c-MYB [36], IGF1 [37], PIM1 [38] and so on. In addition, HOXA9 is a member of both activating and repressive transcriptional regulatory complexes, along with cofactor and collab

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